Moreover, except alpha-pinene and linalool, the other three compounds as well as the essential oil exhibited comparable repellency against the booklouse relative to DEET. (C) 2014 The Authors.”
“Background: Improved early outcome in non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients has been mainly attributed to a broader use of

invasive strategies. Little is known selleck chemical about the impact of other changes in early management. Methods: We aimed to assess 15-year trends in one-year mortality and their determinants in NSTEMI patients. We used data from 4 one-month French registries, conducted 5 years apart from 1995 to 2010 including 3903 NSTEMI patients admitted to intensive care units. Results: From 1995 to 2010, no major change was observed in patient characteristics, while therapeutic management evolved considerably. Early use of antiplatelet agents, beta-blockers, ACE-inhibitors and statins increased over time (P smaller than 0.001); use of newer anticoagulants (low-molecular-weight heparin, bivalirudin or fondaparinux) increased from 40.8% in 2000 to 78.9% in 2010 (P smaller than 0.001); percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) smaller than = 3 days of admission rose from 7.6% to 48.1% (P smaller than 0.001). One-year death decreased from 20% to 9.8% (HR adjusted for baseline parameters, 2010 vs. 1995 = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.35-0.62). Early PCI (HR

= 0.67; 95% CI: 0.49-0.90), use of newer anticoagulants (HR = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.48-0.78) and early use of evidence based selleck chemicals medical therapy (HR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.40-0.72) were predictors of improved one year-survival.

Conclusions: One-year mortality of NSTEMI patients decreased by 50% in the past 15 years. Our data support current guidelines recommending early invasive strategies and use of newer anticoagulants 17DMAG nmr for NSTEMI, and also show a strong positive association between early use of appropriate medical therapies and one-year survival, suggesting that these medications should be used from the start. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“The present ultrastructural study on follicle of regenerating feathers of four different avian species focuses on the formation and cytology of the rachis. Epithelial cells within the bottom part of the follicle (the collar) are contacted from mesenchymal cells of the dermal papilla. The most basal part of the collar is formed by a circular epithelium containing germinal cells, while in the upper ramogenic part of the collar barb ridges are generated. Epithelial cells rest upon a basement membrane that is stretched in actively forming barb ridges among which anchored mesenchymal cells send thin elongation. This observation suggests that an intense exchange of molecules with the epithelium occurs. The process of formation of the rachis occurs by fusion of barb ridges with the nonsegmented, dorsal or anterior part of the collar.

9 β-Nicotinamide mouse +/- A 14.2 ng/dL). These results suggest that commercial formulation of glyphosate is a potent endocrine disruptor in vivo, causing disturbances in the reproductive development of rats when the exposure was performed during the puberty period.”
“Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions of people. Both environmental and genetic factors play important roles in its causation and development. Genetic analysis has shown that over 100 genes are correlated with the etiology and pathology of PD. However, accessing genetic information in a consistent and fruitful way is not

an easy task. The Mutation Database for Parkinson’s Disease (MDPD) is designed to fulfill the need for information

integration so that users GDC-0994 in vitro can easily retrieve, inspect and enhance their knowledge on PD. The database contains 2391 entries on 202 genes extracted from 576 publications and manually examined by biomedical researchers. Each genetic substitution and the resulting impact are clearly labelled and linked to its primary reference. Every reported gene has a summary page that provides information on the variation impact, mutation type, the studied population, mutation position and reference collection. In addition, MDPD provides a unique functionality for users to compare the differences on the type of mutations among ethnic groups. As such, we hope that MDPD will

serve as a valuable tool to bridge the gap between genetic analysis and clinical practice. MDPD is publicly accessible at http://datam.i2r.a-star.edu.sg/mdpd/.”
“Objective: According to experimental findings, oxycodone (OX) could have some advantages over morphine (MO) in clinical models of visceral pain. It was Staurosporine hypothesized that OX could have some advantages over MO in terms of efficacy and dose escalation in pancreatic cancer pain.\n\nMethods: Sixty patients with pancreatic cancer with a pain intensity rating of 4/10 who required opioids were included in the study. Patients were randomized to receive 30 mg/d of sustained release oral MO or sustained release oral OX (20 mg/d). Opioid doses were increased according to the clinical needs. Daily doses of opioids, pain and symptom intensity were recorded at admission (T0) and at weekly intervals for the subsequent 4 weeks (T1, T2, T3, and T4), with an extension at 8 weeks (T8). Opioid escalation index (OEI) as percentage (OEI %) and in mg (OEI mg) was calculated.\n\nResults: Nineteen and 20 patients in groups OX and MO, respectively, were followed for the entire period of study (T4). No differences between groups were found in age (P = 0.400), Karnofsky (P = 0.667), or escalation indexes at T4 and T8 (OEImg, P = 0.945 and OEI %, P = 0.295). No statistical differences in pain and symptoms intensity between the groups were observed.

In vitro R788 datasheet experiments show chemotherapy upregulating membrane-bound forms, leading to an increase of receptor availability (at 24-72 h) and favoring apoptosis. The regulatory effect of chemotherapy on sFAS in patients has never been explored prospectively in advanced colorectal cancer (ACRC). We performed a pharmacodynamic study to address sFAS/sFASL variation. A prospective phase II translational multicenter study was designed to evaluate progression-free

rate (PFR) in patients with ACRC treated with irinotecan and cetuximab in third-line therapy. The effect of sFAS was studied in vitro in colorectal cancer cell lines. Our results showed that statistically significant changes were observed in sFAS at 24-72 h compared to baseline levels in the pharmacodynamic study. Of the 93 patients enrolled in the prospective study in third-line therapy with cetuximab-irinotecan, 85 were evaluated for sFAS/sFASL changes at 48 h. There was no difference in PFR at 4 months between patients with sFAS and sFASL changes.

In vitro analysis showed that although LoVo cell lines were sensitive to oxaliplatin and fluorouracil due to modulation of sFAS and GNS-1480 mouse FAS, HT29 lines were not. In summary, chemotherapy regulates FAS soluble fractions in vitro and in vivo, but does not predict PFR in ACRC patients undergoing third-line therapy with the combination of cetuximab and irinotecan.”
“Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is a complex process which leads to destruction of neuronal tissue and also

vascular structure. After SCI many potentially toxic substances are activated and released into the injury site causing secondary degeneration.\n\nErythropoietin (EPO) is a possible therapeutic strategy to treat SCI. Over the last decade attention has been focused on the molecular mechanisms underlying its neuroprotective effects. A major concern expressed by clinicians is that besides its protective effects, EPO also demonstrates hematopoietic activity and increases the risk for thrombosis after the systemic administration of multiple doses of this glycoprotein. Recently, tissue protective functions of EPO have been separated from its hematopoietic actions leading to the development of EPO derivatives and mimetics. Screening Library Neuroscientists are focusing on recombinant human EPO (rhEPO) and its non-erythropoietic derivatives, investigating their anti-apoptotic potential and anti-inflammatory function as well as their role in restoring vascular integrity. Carbamylated erythropoietin (CEPO) and asialo erythropoietin (AsialoEPO) are structural derivatives of EPO that have no effect on erythrocyte mass whereas they retain its neuroprotective effects. In this review article, we provide a short overview of the animal studies on rhEPO and its derivatives in experimental models of SCI.\n\nBoth the efficacy and the safety profile of EPO-structural and functional variants are still to be demonstrated in patients.

56 degrees; conventional: 2.51 degrees; P = 0.042, power 0.562). Modes of failure were fracture of the distal fragment, loosening of distal locking screws, nail breakage, and their combination, equally distributed between the groups (P = 0.325).\n\nConclusions: GW786034 Both the angle-stable locking technique using four screws and conventional locking consisting of five screws showed high biomechanical properties. Hence, angle-stable

locking reflects a potential to maintain fixation stability while reducing the number of locking screws compared with conventional locking in intramedullary nailed unstable distal tibia fractures.”
“The antiparasitic ivermectin is of particular concern to regulatory agencies. Ivermectin can reach the environment through

the direct emission of dung from livestock on pasture and via manure application on agricultural lands.\n\nA semifield study was conducted for assessing the ivermectin dynamic in runoff and drainage waters from dung-treated soils placed on experimental trays. The experiment was conducted under natural Mediterranean conditions. Realistic pasture and arable land applications were assessed using dung of treated animals and compared with a positive control (spraying the ivermective solution without dung).\n\nSimilar concentrations were obtained in all three treatments for drainage waters, with values ranging from < 5-10 to about 20 ng/l. However, strong treatment-related variation was observed in runoff waters, with the highest concentrations found in the spray treatment (9-188 ng/l), followed by the arable land (< 5-88 ng/l) scenario, and concentrations not

exceeding 6 ng/l in the pasture scenario. Ivermectin 4-Hydroxytamoxifen supplier Birinapant molecular weight levels in runoff particles were up to 1,660 and 5,890 ng/kg dry weight for the pasture (I1) and arable land (I2) scenarios, respectively. Ivermectin was only detected in the drainage and runoff waters collected in the first rainfall events after treatment.\n\nThe measured concentrations in water (0.006-0.118 ng/ml) and runoff particles (0.052-5.89 ng/mg dry suspended matter) are orders of magnitude higher than those provoking effects on aquatic and benthonic communities under experimental and mesocosm conditions, suggesting a clear risk for aquatic systems in the vicinity of pasture areas of treated animals or arable soil fertilized with its manure.”
“The root of Euphorbia pekinensis as a traditional herbal medicine has been recorded in Chinese pharmacopoeias for the treatment of oedema, gonorrhea, migraine and wart cures. In this work, we reported on the cDNA cloning and characterization of a novel farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPS) from E. pekinensis. The full-length cDNA named EpFPS (Genbank Accession Number FJ755465) contained 1431 bp with an open reading frame of 1029 bp encoding a polypeptie of 342 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence of the EpFPS named EpFPS exhibited a high homology with other plant FPSs, and contained five conserved domains.

Therefore, we investigated the effect of nut consumption on serum fatty acid concentrations and how these relate to changes in markers of glycemic control and calculated Vargatef CHD risk score in type 2 diabetes. Methods and results: 117 subjects with type 2 diabetes consumed one of three iso-energetic (mean 475 kcal/d) supplements for 12 weeks: 1. full-dose nuts (50-100 g/d); 2. half-dose nuts with half-dose muffins; and 3. full-dose muffins. In this secondary analysis, fatty acid concentrations in the phospholipid, triacylglycerol,

free fatty acid, and cholesteryl ester fractions from fasting blood samples obtained at baseline and week 12 were analyzed using thin layer and gas chromatography. Full-dose nut supplementation significantly increased serum oleic acid (OA) and MUFAs compared to the control in the phospholipid fraction (OA: P = 0.036; MUFAs: P = 0.024). Inverse associations were found with changes in CHD risk versus changes in OA and MUFAs in the triacylglycerol (r = -0.256,

P = 0.011; r = -0.228, P = 0.024, respectively) and phospholipid (r = -0.278, P Blebbistatin chemical structure = 0.006; r = -0.260, P = 0.010, respectively) fractions. In the cholesteryl ester fraction, change in MUFAs was inversely associated with markers of glycemic control (HbA1c: r = -0.250, P = 0.013; fasting blood glucose: r = -0.395, P smaller than 0.0001). Conclusion: Nut consumption increased OA and MUFA content of the serum phospholipid fraction, which was inversely associated with CHD risk factors and 10-year CHD risk. (C) 2014 Elsevier

B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Purpose: To study the effects of benzo(e)pyrene (B(e)P), a toxic component of cigarette smoke, on retinal neurosensory (R28) cells and human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC). Materials and Methods: R28 cells and HMVEC were treated for 24 hours with 1000, 400, 200, and 100 mu M of B(e)P. Cell viability was measured by dye BMS-754807 exclusion assay. Caspase-3/7, -8, -9, and -12 activities were measured by fluorochrome assays. DNA ladder was run on agarose gel, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release rate was evaluated using a LDH cytotoxicity kit II. Results: R28 cells exposed to B(e)P 1000 and 400 mu M showed a decrease in cell viability but not at lower concentrations of 200 and 100 mu M. At 400, 200, and 100 mu M B(e)P, there was an increase in caspase-3/7 and at 200 and 100 mu M B(e)P caspase-12 activities. Caspase-8 activity was increased only at 200 mu M B(e)P. Caspase-9 activity was not increased at any concentration. DNA ladder revealed bands at 200 bp intervals at lower concentrations and LDH activity at higher concentrations. HMVEC cultures exposed to B(e)P 1000, 400, and 200 mu M showed a decrease in cell viability. Caspase-3/7 activity was not increased at any concentration. DNA laddering revealed no bands at 200 bp intervals at any dose.

These data can be used to GSK3235025 nmr develop and sequence simulation scenarios in a progressively challenging manner. If the theorised learning gains associated with ET are realised,

the methods described in this study may be applied to the design of simulation training for other procedural and non-procedural skills, thereby advancing the agenda of theoretically based instruction design in health care simulation. Discuss ideas arising from the article at discuss’.”
“Acute liver failure is a potentially devastating clinical syndrome that, without liver transplantation (Tx), is associated with high mortality. Rapid deterioration in clinical status and a shortage of deceased human organs prohibits liver Tx in many patients. Bridging to liver Tx has been attempted by various approaches, for

example, bioartificial liver support, extracorporeal pig liver perfusion, and hepatocyte Tx, but none of these approaches has convincingly improved patient survival. The orthotopic Tx of a genetically engineered pig liver could theoretically provide successful bridging. Immediate availability, perfect INCB028050 datasheet metabolic condition, adequate size-match and hepatocyte mass, and freedom from potentially pathogenic microorganisms could be assured. The advantages and disadvantages of bridging by pig liver Tx compared with other approaches are discussed. The selection of patients for an initial clinical trial of pig liver Tx would be similar to NU7441 cell line that of various prior trials in patients experiencing rapid and severe deterioration in liver function. The ability to give truly informed consent for a pig bridging procedure at the time of listing for liver

Tx renders the patient with acute-on-chronic liver failure or primary allograft failure is a preferable candidate for this procedure than a patient who is admitted urgently with acute (fulminant) liver failure in whom consent may not be possible. Although several barriers to successful pig organ xenoTx remain, for example, coagulation dysfunction between pig and primate, if these can be resolved by further genetic engineering of the organ-source pigs, a pig liver may prove life saving to patients dying rapidly of liver failure.”
“Infection with Helicobacter pylori is strongly associated with gastric cancer and gastric adenocarcinoma. WHO classified H. pylori as a group 1 carcinogen in 1994. Impatiens balsamina L. has been used as indigenous medicine in Asia for the treatment of rheumatism, fractures and fingernail inflammation. In this study, we isolated anti-H. pylori compounds from this plant and investigated their anti-and bactericidal activity. Compounds of 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (MeONQ) and stigmasta-7,22-diene-3 beta-ol (spinasterol) were isolated from the pods and roots/stems/leaves of I. balsamina L., respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) for MeONQ were in the ranges of 0.156-0.625 and 0.313-0.

Male patients treated with drugs, whose teratogenic potential has been well assessed

or suspected for maternal exposure, should be advised to practice effective birth control during therapy and Lip to one or two cycles of spermatogenesis and to avoid semen contact with vaginal walls during first trimester of pregnancy. A-1210477 in vivo (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“Background and Purpose-It has been suggested that Chagas disease (CD) and particularly CD cardiomyopathy are independent risk factors for cerebrovascular events. Strong evidence is scarce, cardioembolic and inflammatory mechanisms have been proposed, and most studies lack representative and well-matched controls. We sought to investigate CD,

defined by positive serology, as an independent risk factor for stroke, by comparing patients admitted with ischemic stroke with representative control patients with a very similar cardiovascular risk factor profile.\n\nMethods-We performed a case-control study with 101 consecutive stroke patients and 100 consecutive acute coronary syndrome patients admitted to an emergency hospital. CD was investigated in all patients and was confirmed when both immunofluorescence and hemagglutination tests were positive. Clinical, laboratory, and ECG findings were analyzed.\n\nResults-We found that age (P = 0.006),

female click here sex (P = 0.01), systolic check details blood pressure (P = 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.03), previous stroke/transient ischemic attack history (P < 0.001), atrial fibrillation (P = 0.005), other arrhythmias (P = 0.05), and CD-positive serology (P = 0.002) were more frequent among stroke patients than among patients with acute coronary syndromes. After a multivariable analysis with a backward elimination procedure, previous stroke/transient ischemic attack history (odds ratio = 6.98; 95% CI, 2.99 to 16.29), atrial fibrillation (odds ratio = 4.52; 95% CI, 1.45 to 14.04), and CD-positive serology (odds ratio = 7.17; 95% CI, 1.50 to 34.19) remained independently associated with stroke.\n\nConclusions-CD seems to be an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke. For patients in or coming from endemic regions, CD should be considered an etiologic or contributing factor for stroke. (Stroke. 2009; 40: 3691-3694.)”
“Despite the safety and feasibility of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy, an optimal cell type has not yet emerged in terms of electromechanical integration in infarcted myocardium. We found that poor to moderate survival benefits of MSC-implanted rats were caused by incomplete electromechanical integration induced by tissue heterogeneity between myocytes and engrafted MSCs in the infarcted myocardium.

Spectra were compared to the reference spectrum of bone via correlation buy PCI-34051 analysis. Our measurements

show a clear differentiation between the plasma spectra when cutting either a bone or a soft tissue. The spectral changes could be detected from one to the next spectrum within 200 ms. Continuous surveillance of plasma spectra allows us to differentiate whether bone or soft tissue is hit by the last laser pulse. With this information, it may be possible to stop the laser when cutting undesired soft tissue and to design an automatic control of the ablation process.”
“Purpose of review\n\nRandomized controlled trials have established that prophylactic implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy improves survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). However, mortality

reduction is not uniform across the implanted population and recent data have highlighted the importance of nonsudden cardiac death (non-SCD) risk in predicting benefit from ICD therapy. This review explores the importance of non-SCD risk in patient selection for prophylactic ICD therapy, as well as the proposed approaches to identify potential ICD recipients at high risk of non-SCD.\n\nRecent findings\n\nData from randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that patients at high risk of non-SCD do not gain significant survival benefit from prophylactic ICD therapy irrespective of their risk of SCD. A variety of strategies to identify low LVEF patients at high risk of non-SCD have been proposed. These include the use of individual risk markers, such as advanced

Pexidartinib age and renal dysfunction, the presence of cardiac and noncardiac comorbidities, and the use of more complex SB273005 nmr risk scores.\n\nSummary\n\nNon-SCD risk is an important issue in patient selection for prophylactic ICD therapy. However, the optimal strategy to identify patients at high non-SCD risk is unclear and further research is needed.”
“The incidence of acute nonvariceal massive gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is higher in hemodialysis (HD) patients than in healthy individuals, and this is often a life-threatening event. We evaluated the efficacy of intra-arterial treatment for GIB in HD patients. Between January 2006 and June 2012, eight HD patients with GIB were treated with superselective transarterial embolization. Of the eight cases, one was duodenal bleeding, two were jejunal bleeding, one was ileocecum bleeding, two were ascending colonic bleeding, and two were sigmoid colonic bleeding. After examining the site of bleeding by endoscopy or contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT), embolizations with microcoils, gelatin sponges, or N-butyl cyanoacrylate were performed through interventional radiology (IVR). In all cases, blood transfusions were frequently administered. Six of the eight patients with GIB were successfully salvaged by transarterial embolization.

However, it has never been addressed whether the MHC II pathway plays an important role in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, the most

common form of liver disease. We used a mouse model that has a complete knockdown of genes in the MHC II pathway (MHCH Delta/Delta). Firstly we studied the effect of high-fat diet-induced hepatic inflammation in these mice. Secondly we studied the development of carbon-tetra-chloride-(CCl4-) induced hepatic cirrhosis. After the high-fat diet, both groups developed obesity and hepatic steatosis with a similar degree of hepatic inflammation, suggesting no impact of the knockdown of MHC II on high-fat diet-induced inflammation in mice. In the second study, we confirmed that the CCl4 injection significantly GSK923295 inhibitor upregulated the MHC II genes in wild-type mice. The CCl4 treatment significantly induced genes related to the fibrosis formation in wild-type mice, whereas this was lower in MHCII Delta/Delta mice. The liver histology, however, showed

no detectable difference between groups, suggesting that the MHC II pathway is not required for the development of hepatic fibrosis induced by CCl4.”
“Objective: To investigate the association of otalgia and migraine.\n\nStudy Design: Retrospective survey with evaluation of otalgia response to migraine check details treatment. Only patients with minimum symptom duration of 3 months, who accepted migraine treatment and had a minimum follow-up of 3 months, were included.\n\nSetting: Single neurotology practice.\n\nSubjects: All patients with otalgia in whom other causes of otalgia had been excluded and who were treated with migraine

therapies.\n\nIntervention: Standard first-line abortive and prophylactic migraine therapies.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: Specific clinical data, as well as pretreatment and posttreatment severity scores, were gathered. Response to treatment was assessed by comparing pretreatment and posttreatment symptom scores using paired t test.\n\nResults: A total of 26 patients were included. Ninety-two percent responded to migraine therapy with Elafibranor Metabolism inhibitor improved symptom frequency, severity, and duration (p < 0.001). Median duration of symptoms was 5 years. Mean delay to response was 2.3 weeks, and mean follow-up was 20 months. Otalgia was the chief complaint in 77%. Pain was dull in 35%, sharp in 19%, throbbing in 19%, and mixed in 27%. Sixty-five percent demonstrated triggerability of otalgia. A total of 65% had International Headache Society migraine. Patients responded to many classes of migraine preventive and abortive medications.\n\nConclusion: Otalgia of unclear cause can be related to migraine mechanisms. Our group showed a high prevalence of migraine characteristics, including headache, migraine-associated symptoms, patterns of triggerability, and response to migraine treatment. Clinical criteria for diagnosis of migraine-associated otalgia are suggested for future prospective study.

The findings contribute to the understanding of church activities in relation to health promotion and will assist organisations who may be potential partners to consider

their collaborative efforts in the health promotion field.”
“Reductions in C4 levels may predispose individuals to infection with encapsulated bacteria as well as autoimmunity. In this study, we examined the role C4 has in GS-7977 protection against Streptococcus pneumoniae-induced autoimmunity. Mild respiratory infection with serotype 19F pneumococci selectively induced systemic anti-dsDNA IgA production in naive C4(-/-) mice, but not in C3(-/-) or wildtype mice. Systemic challenge with virulent serotype 3 pneumococci also induced anti-dsDNA IgA production in immune C4(-/-) mice. Remarkably, pneumococcal polysaccharide (PPS) vaccination alone induced C4(-/-) mice to produce increased anti-dsDNA IgA levels that were maintained in some mice for months. These effects were most pronounced in female C4(-/-) mice. Importantly, immunization-induced increases in anti-dsDNA

IgA levels were strongly associated with increased IgA deposition in kidneys. Cross-reactivity between pneumococcal Ags and dsDNA played a partial role in the induction of anti-dsDNA IgA, CHIR-99021 inhibitor but a major role for PPS-associated TLR2 agonists was also revealed. Administration of the TLR2/4 antagonist, OxPAPC, at the

time of PPS immunization completely blocked the production of anti-dsDNA IgA in C4(-/-) mice without suppressing PPS-specific Ab production. The TLR2 agonist, Pam3CSK4, similarly induced anti-dsDNA IgA production in C4(-/-) mice, which OxPAPC also prevented. LPS, a TLR4 agonist, had no effect. Pam3CSK4, but not LPS, also induced dsDNA-specific IgA production by C4(-/-) splenic IgA(+) B cells in vitro, indicating that TLR2 agonists can stimulate autoantibody production via B cell-intrinsic mechanisms. Collectively, our results show an important role for C4 in suppressing autoantibody production elicited by cross-reactive Ags and TLR2 agonists associated with S. pneumoniae.”
“Stacked chitosan nanofibers with an average diameter of 75 nm Luminespib in vivo were successfully produced by electro-spinning using 5 wt% chitosan in acetic acid as the spinning solution. The fibers were then cross-linked with glutaraldehyde to remove chromium [Cr(VI)] from water via static adsorption. It was found that the adsorption correlated well with pseudo-second order kinetic model, and followed a mixed isotherm of Freundlich and Langmuir. The maximum nanofibers adsorption capacity was 131.58 mg/g, more than doubled that of chitosan powders. Common co-ions such as Cl-, NO3-, Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ had little or no effect on the adsorption but SO42- was an exception.