The Affigene (R) HSV 1/2 and VZV tracers are very sensitive assays for detection of VZV and HSV. A wide variety of clinical samples can be examined in combination with either the Qiagen or the Affigene (R) DNA extraction kits for preparation. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“The purpose of this paper

is to highlight the benefits of mammalian wildlife selleck inhibitor as models in environmental neurotoxicology. This is first addressed by discussing the general advantages of using mammalian wildlife as models, and highlighting how studies on mammalian wildlife can complement neurotoxicological studies in laboratory animals and humans. Second, specific examples are provided using three persistent, environmental contaminants of neurotoxic concern to humans, namely methylmercury (MeHg), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Through these examples we show that studies on mammalian wildlife can provide important, real-world information on bioavailability, environmental exposures, early and sub-clinical effects (e.g., alterations in brain neurochemistry and neuroendocrine

hormones), and clinical neurotoxicity (structural and functional damage). In many cases neurotoxicological outcomes are similar across mammalian species adding weight of evidence to causal relationships. Our review highlights that an opportunity exists to use mammalian wildlife to better understand the human health risks posed by environmental neurotoxicants. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is the causative agent of one of the most SU5402 manufacturer important viral diseases affecting the poultry industry worldwide. The virus causes an acute, highly contagious and immunosuppressive disease in chickens. Previous studies have demonstrated that in addition to B cells, macrophages can support the replication of IBDV. Since mesenchymal stem cells in bone marrow regulate the differentiation and proliferation of hematopoietic

P-type ATPase precursors, the interaction between IBDV and mesenchymal stem cells was investigated. Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from chicken bone marrow. The classical IM strain and the variant strain-E of IBDV, both adapted to grow in a chicken macrophage cell line, were used to infect mesenchymal stem cells. Primary chicken mesenchymal stem cells were highly susceptible to replication of IBDV. Both viruses induced cytopathic effects and replicated to high titers in mesenchymal stem cells. The finding that IBDV can replicate in mesenchymal stem cells provides new information on the susceptible target cell population within the host and contributes to the understanding of the pathogenic potential of the virus. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Over production of NO by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the brain parenchyma has been demonstrated to contribute to tissue damage.

METHODS

In a prospective, double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned 308 patients with acute decompensated heart failure to receive furosemide administered intravenously by means of either a bolus every 12 hours or continuous infusion and ATPase inhibitor at either a low dose (equivalent to the patient’s previous oral dose) or a high dose (2.5 times the previous oral dose). The protocol allowed specified dose adjustments after 48 hours. The coprimary end points were patients’ global assessment of symptoms, quantified as the area under the curve (AUC) of the score on a visual-analogue scale over the course of 72 hours,

and the change in the serum creatinine level from baseline to 72 hours.

RESULTS

In the comparison of bolus with continuous infusion, there was no significant difference in patients’ global assessment of symptoms (mean AUC, 4236 +/- 1440 and 4373 +/- 1404, respectively; P = 0.47) or in the mean change in the creatinine level (0.05 +/- 0.3 mg per deciliter [4.4 +/- GSK126 concentration 26.5 mu mol per liter] and 0.07 +/- 0.3 mg per deciliter [6.2 +/- 26.5 mu mol per liter], respectively; P

= 0.45). In the comparison of the high-dose strategy with the low-dose strategy, there was a nonsignificant trend toward greater improvement in patients’ global assessment of symptoms in the high-dose group (mean AUC, 4430 +/- 1401 vs. 4171 +/- 1436; P = 0.06). There was no significant difference between these groups in the mean change in the creatinine level (0.08 +/- 0.3 mg per deciliter [7.1 +/- 26.5 mu mol per liter] with the high-dose strategy and 0.04 +/- 0.3 mg per deciliter [3.5 +/- 26.5 mu mol per liter] with the low-dose strategy, P = 0.21). The high-dose strategy was associated with greater diuresis and more favorable outcomes in some secondary measures but also with transient worsening of renal function.

CONCLUSIONS

Among patients with acute decompensated heart failure, there were no significant differences in patients’ global assessment of symptoms or in the change in renal function when diuretic therapy was administered

by bolus as compared with continuous infusion or at a high dose as compared with a low dose.”
“CCR5 antagonists inhibit HIV entry by binding to a coreceptor and inducing changes in the extracellular loops Leukotriene-A4 hydrolase (ECLs) of CCR5. In this study, we analyzed viruses from 11 treatment-experienced patients who experienced virologic failure on treatment regimens containing the CCR5 antagonist maraviroc (MVC). Viruses from one patient developed high-level resistance to MVC during the course of treatment. Although resistance to one CCR5 antagonist is often associated with broad cross-resistance to other agents, these viruses remained sensitive to most other CCR5 antagonists, including vicriviroc and aplaviroc. MVC resistance was dependent upon mutations within the V3 loop of the viral envelope (Env) protein and was modulated by additional mutations in the V4 loop.

In addition, there was an increase in intermediate size filaments in the hypertrophic detrusor smooth muscle cells. The dense plaques in the

inner membrane of hypertrophied detrusor smooth muscle were longer than those of the control. Detrusor smooth muscle from hypertrophied bladder revealed a decreased number of caveolae and a lack of their orderly distribution at the plasma membrane. Western blotting showed decreased expression of caveolin-1, 2 and 3 in hypertrophied detrusor smooth muscle.

Conclusions: Caveolae serve as platforms for proteins and receptors that have a role in signal transduction. The decreased Nirogacestat mw number of caveolae and caveolin protein expression in hypertrophied detrusor smooth muscle might contribute to alterations in signal transduction pathways that regulate the downstream effects of agonist induced contraction, including calcium sensitization, observed in obstructed bladder. In addition, the increased number of intermediate size filaments in the hypertrophied detrusor smooth muscle is likely

click here to alter the cytoskeletal structure and affect the cellular transmission of passive and/or active force.”
“INTRODUCTION: Patients who undergo posterior cervical spinal fusion procedures frequently experience significant postoperative pain. Use of a local anesthetic continuous infusion pump after surgery may improve these outcome variables.

METHODS: After posterior cervical spine fusion procedures, 25 consecutive patients received continuous infusion of 0.5% bupivacaine into the subfascial aspects of the wound via an elastomeric pump. Data were collected prospectively by third party assessment using standard

nursing protocols. This included numeric pain scores and opiate use over the first 4 postoperative days (PODs), length of hospitalization, FAD and complications. In a retrospective analysis, we compared each study patient to a control patient who did not receive the continuous infusion of bupivacaine. Demographic variables and surgical procedure were similar among matched cases.

RESULTS: Patients receiving continuous local anesthetic infusion used significantly less narcotics (P < .05) during the first 4 PODs: 24.4% on day 1, 34.1% on day 2, 53.5% on day 3, and 58.1% on day 4. A lower average pain score was observed among study patients on each POD (P < .05): 31.5% less on day 1, 13.0% on day 2, 24.0% on day 3, and 35.7% on day 4. Patients with the infusion device were discharged home earlier (POD 4.9 versus 6.7; P = .024) and demonstrated improvement in time to ambulation, first bowel movement, and discontinuation of the patient-controlled analgesia machine. No complications were associated with the device.

CONCLUSION: Patients with the local anesthetic continuous infusion device required less narcotics and reported lower pain scores than control patients on each of the first 4 PODs.

Overall mean inflation

adjusted hospitalization charge was $66,348 +/- $26,625 SHP099 solubility dmso (range $29,689 to $179,403). Newborn closures were significantly less costly (mean charge $53,188 +/- $15,086) than either reclosure ($71,621 +/- $19,366) or delayed primary closure ($85,278 +/- $42,354, p < 0.0001). Controlling for multiple variables in a regression model showed that the primary factors associated with charges were operative time, days in intensive care unit and length of stay. Length of stay and operative times were significantly shorter in the newborn surgical group, likely accounting for the lower costs in this group (despite higher intensive care unit use). Mean hospital charges and mean length of stay increased during the study period.

Conclusions: Primary newborn exstrophy repair is associated with lower surgical hospitalization costs compared to delayed primary repair and reclosure. Combined with previous data on clinical outcomes, these data reiterate the paramount importance of achieving a successful initial newborn closure whenever possible.”
“OBJECTIVE: We report the technique of three-dimensional computed tomographic (CT) angiography with a two-dimensional CT image aiding in the early operation of ruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysms. This combined image allows the

prediction of the rupture point in the aneurysm Verubecestat datasheet and may reduce the risk of rupture during early clipping surgery.

METHODS:The findings for 14 patients with 14 middle cerebral artery ruptured aneurysms who underwent subsequent early clipping were analyzed. The average aneurysm size was 8.5 mm, and there were two large and one giant aneurysms. CT examinations Low-density-lipoprotein receptor kinase were performed by means of a multidetector CT scanner (Aquilion M16; Toshiba Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan) and reconstructed with a workstation (ZIO M900 QUADRA; Amin Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). We constructed an operating view through three-dimensional CT angiography for a lateral transsylvian approach with a two-dimensional CT image (nonshaded volume-rendering image), which was perpendicular to the direction of the surgical approach. Using this combined image, we predicted the rupture point of the aneurysm and successfully

performed clipping surgery through a lateral transsylvian approach. Rupture points were confirmed at the time of surgery. Rupture points of 13 out of 14 aneurysms appeared as we expected, but one differed; all aneurysms were successfully clipped. Thirteen of the 14 patients could be clipped without rupture at surgery, but the remaining patient experienced rupture just after craniotomy.

CONCLUSION:The combination of three-dimensional CT angiography and two-dimensional CT images may help improve the surgical outcome by indicating aneurysmal rupture points, leading to the prevention of rupture.”
“Purpose: We sought to evaluate the efficacy of transdermal dihydrotestosterone treatment based on the results of hypospadias repair in children with primary hypospadias.

5% +/- 79.7% vs 35.7% +/- 60.5%; P = .28) were noted in patients undergoing a concomitant

tricuspid valve procedure. Survival was comparable between the 2 groups.

Conclusions: In patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation undergoing left ventricular assist device implantation, a concomitant tricuspid valve procedure effectively reduces tricuspid regurgitation ZD1839 concentration and promotes reverse remodeling of the right ventricle. (J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012;143:1370-6)”
“The elderly have comparatively worse cognitive impairments from traumatic brain injury (TBI) relative to younger adults, but the molecular mechanisms that underlie this exacerbation of cognitive deficits are unknown. Experimental models of TBI have demonstrated that the cyclic AMP-protein kinase A (cAMP-PKA) signaling pathway is downregulated after brain trauma. Since the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway is a key mediator of long-term memory formation, we investigated whether the TBI-induced decrease in cAMP levels is exacerbated in aged animals. Aged (19 months) and young adult (3 months) male Metabolism inhibitor Fischer 344 rats received sham surgery or mild (1.4-1.6 atmospheres, atm) or moderate (1.7-2.1 atm) parasagittal fluid-percussion brain injury. At various time points after surgery, the ipsilateral parietal cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus

were assayed for cAMP levels. Mild TBI lowered cAMP levels in the hippocampus of aged, but not young adult animals. Moderate TBI lowered cAMP levels in the hippocampus and parietal cortex of both

Carbachol age groups. In the thalamus, cAMP levels were significantly lowered after moderate, but not mild TBI. To determine if the TBI-induced decreases in cAMP had physiological consequences in aged animals, hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) in the Schaffer collateral pathway of the CA1 region was assessed. LTP was significantly decreased in both young adult and aged animals after mild and moderate TBI as compared to sham surgery animals. Rolipram rescued the LTP deficits after mild TBI for young adult animals and caused a partial recovery for aged animals. However, rolipram did not rescue LTP deficits after moderate TBI in either young adult or aged animals. These results indicate that the exacerbation of cognitive impairments in aged animals with TBI may be due to decreased cAMP levels and deficits in hippocampal LTP. (c) 2012 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Laser capture microdissection (LCM) has become an important tool for biomedical research. Various molecular biology techniques have been combined with LCM to reveal molecular profiles at an unprecedented tissue resolution. Proteomics is among those techniques that have proved fruitful in combination with LCM. This review provides an overview of the various proteomic techniques that have been developed for analyzing cells obtained using LCM. Methods for analyzing microdissected cells for various proteomic techniques are described and compared.

Peripubertal treatment of Lewis dwarf rats with GH results in a significant extension of life span. The present study was designed to test the role of the GH/IGF-1 axis in regulating cellular

oxidative stress and oxidative stress resistance, utilizing primary fibroblasts derived from control rats. Lewis dwarf rats and GH-replete dwarf rats. Measurements of cellular dihydroethidium and C-H(2)-DCFDA fluorescence showed that cellular O(2)(center dot-) and peroxide production were similar in each group. Fibroblasts from control and Lewis dwarf rats exhibited similar antioxidant capacities and comparable sensitivity to H(2)O(2), click here rotenone, high glucose, tunicamycin, thapsigargin, paraquat, and mitomycin, which cause apoptosis through increasing oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage. ATP depletion, and/or by damaging DNA, lipids and proteins. Fibroblasts from GH-replete rats exhibited significantly increased antioxidant capacities and superior resistance to H(2)O(2), rotenone and bacterial lipopolysaccharide-induced cell death compared with cells from Idasanutlin Lewis dwarf rats, whereas their sensitivity to the other stressors investigated was not

statistically different. Thus, low circulating IGF-1 levels present in vivo in Lewis dwarf rats do not elicit long-lasting alterations in cellular reactive oxygen species generation and oxidative stress resistance, whereas life span-extending peripubertal GH treatment resulted in increased antioxidant capacity and increased resistance to cellular injury caused by some, but not all, oxidative stressors.”
“Ketamine, an NMDA-receptor antagonist, produces cognitive deficits in humans in a battery of tasks involving attention and memory. Nicotine can enhance various indices of cognitive performance, including working memory span capacity measured using the odor span task (OST). This study examined the effects of a sub-chronic

ketamine treatment to model cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia, and to evaluate the effectiveness of nicotine, antipsychotic clozapine, and the novel mGlu2/3 agonist, LY404039, in restoring OST performance. Male PAK6 hooded Lister rats were trained in the OST, a working memory task involving detection of a novel odor from an increasing number of presented odors until they exhibited asymptotic levels of stable performance. Sub-chronic ketamine exposure (10 and 30 mg/kg i.p. for 5 consecutive days) produced a dose-dependent impairment that was stable beyond 14 days following exposure. In one cohort, administration of graded doses of nicotine (0.025-0.1 mg/kg) acutely restored the performance in ketamine-treated animals, while significant improvements in odor span were observed in control subjects. In a second cohort of rats, acute tests with clozapine (1-10 mg/kg) and LY404039 (0.

Conclusions: This study suggests patients attending RACPC will have a greater likelihood of CAD than predicted by NICE. Differences between recommended investigations and existing practice will guide investment in cardiac services. Individual hospitals

should assess their RACPC cohorts prior to implementing the NICE guidelines.”
“Aim: Two Type I diabetes and control group comparator studies were conducted to assess the reproducibility of FMD and to analyse blood flow data normally discarded during FMD measurement.

Design: The studies were sequential and differed only with regard to operator and ultrasound machine. Liver X Receptor agonist Seventy-two subjects with diabetes and 71 controls were studied in total.

Methods: Subjects had FMD measured conventionally. Blood velocity waveforms were averaged over

10 pulses post forearm ischaemia and their component frequencies analysed using the wavelet transform, a mathematical tool for waveform analysis. The component frequencies were grouped into 11 bands to facilitate analysis.

Results: Subjects were well-matched between studies. In Study 1, FMD was significantly impaired in subjects with Type I diabetes vs. controls (median 4.35%, interquartile range 3.10-4.80 vs. 6.50, 4.79-9.42, P < 0.001). No differences were detected between groups in Study 2, however. However, analysis of blood velocity Selinexor molecular weight waveforms yielded significant differences between groups in two frequency

bands in each study.

Conclusions: This report highlights concerns over the reproducibility of FMD measures. Further work is required to fully elucidate the role of analysing velocity waveforms after forearm ischaemia.”
“Aim: The aim of this study was to document clinical fracture incidence during the period 1998-2008 in a single transplant centre, following the introduction of a bone management protocol.

Design: It was designed as a retrospective cohort.

Methods: Records were retrieved from 531 of 592 eligible patients in an audit of all patients undergoing a first liver transplant during the 10-year period. All fractures were verified radiologically.

Results: The mean follow-up enough period was 61.4 months. Prior to transplantation 5.6% of patients had a history of fracture. Incident clinical fractures following transplantation were recorded in just 15 (3.5%) patients. The most common fracture site was the spine and the median time from transplant to fracture was 26 months (range 2-83 months).

Conclusion: There was a low fracture rate in patients undergoing liver transplantation in this centre over the past 10 years. This rate is lower than that in previous reports, which is likely to reflect the use of lower doses of prednisolone for immune suppression and the administration of bone-protective therapy to high-risk patients.

We have therefore examined the effects of short-term ethanol exposure on the mRNA expression and protein levels of neurotrophin ligands and receptors in the cerebellum using real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting techniques. Male BALB/C mice were fed a liquid diet containing 5% (v/v) ethanol. The pair-fed control mice were fed an identical liquid diet except

that sucrose was substituted isocalorically for https://www.selleckchem.com/products/4-hydroxytamoxifen-4-ht-afimoxifene.html ethanol. The cerebellum of mice exhibiting intoxication signs of stage I or 2 were used in the present study. We found that exposure to ethanol resulted in elevated levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and TrkA mRNA expression but a decreased level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA expression. The expression of TrkB and p73 mRNA was unchanged. Changes in the level of these proteins were found to mirror these mRNA expression levels. We conclude that exposure to ethanol for a short period

can cause a differential responsive in the various neurotrophin ligand/receptor systems. The functional consequences of these changes are unknown at present. (C) 2010 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Meningoencephalitis caused by Bovine herpesvirus type 5 (BoHV-5) is responsible for heavy economic losses in the cattle industry. As in other Alphaherpesviruses, the envelope glycoprotein IV (gD), which mediates penetration into host cells, is one of the major candidate antigens for a recombinant vaccine, since it induces a strong and persistent immune response. GDC-0973 cost The DNA coding for a truncated form of BoHV-5 gD (tgD) has been cloned into the Pichia pastoris expression vector pPICZ alpha B to allow protein secretion into the medium. After induction with methanol, a similar to 55 kDa protein was obtained. Enzyme deglycosylation with

Endo H showed a smaller size band in SDS-PGAE, with similar to 50 kDa, suggesting that science tgD has N-linked oligosaccharides and that it is not hyperglycosylated. The similar to 55 kDa protein was recognized by several polyclonal antibodies, including polyclonal antibody anti-tgD and polyclonal antibodies of different animal species immunized with BoHV-5 and BoHV-1. This is the first report of BoHV-5 gD expression in yeast. It was shown that the recombinant truncated form of BoHV-5 gD has antigenic and immunogenic properties similar to the native BoHV-5 gD. Expression of tgD as a secreted protein allows simple and inexpensive purification methods that can be used for further studies to evaluate its immunogenicity in cattle. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Glutamate and dopamine disturbances are implicated in frontal cortical dysfunction in schizophrenia. Little, however, is known about the nature of dopamine D-1 and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor interactions in the illness, nor of the extent of their co-involvement in antipsychotic drug response.

Psoriasis is now considered a genetically programmed, immune-mediated, inflammatory disease, in which intralesional T lymphocytes trigger keratinocytes to proliferate and perpetuate the disease process. Interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-22 produced by Th1/Th17 lymphocytes induce IL-8 secretion by keratinocytes, a key event in the pathogenesis of the disease. It is now clear that mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) (extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1 and 2) activity is required for IL-17-induced IL-8 synthesis by keratinocytes, and, in fact, MAPK activity is increased in lesional psoriatic skin. Here,

we demonstrate both in vitro and in vivo on primary psoriatic lesions that pharmacological inhibitors of ERKs as well as hydrogen sulfide Selleckchem MDV3100 not only reduce the basal expression and secretion of IL-8, but also interfere with IL-17- and IL-22-induced IL-8 production. These observations, together with the known anti-inflammatory find more activity of H(2)S, are relevant to understanding some previously unexplained biological effects exerted by sulfur therapy. Laboratory Investigation (2011) 91, 1188-1194; doi:10.1038/labinvest.2011.76; published online 9 May 2011″
“Muscle regeneration provides a paradigm by which to study how extrinsic signals coordinate gene expression in somatic

stem cells (satellite cells) by directing the genome distribution of chromatin-modifying complexes. Understanding the signal-dependent control of the epigenetic events underlying the transition of muscle stem cells through sequential regeneration stages holds the promise to reveal new targets for selective interventions toward repairing diseased muscles. This review describes the

latest findings on how regeneration cues are integrated at the chromatin level to build the transcription network that regulates progression of endogenous muscle progenitors throughout the myogenic program. In particular, we describe how specific epigenetic signatures can confer responsiveness to extrinsic cues on discrete regions of the muscle stem cell genome.”
“In adulthood, new neurons and glial cells are generated from stem cells in restricted zones else of the brain, namely the olfactory bulb (OB), rostral migratory stream (RMS), subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle, sub-callosum zone (SCZ) and sub-granular layer (SGL) of the dentate gyrus. What makes these zones germinal? We previously reported that N-sulfated heparan sulfates (N-sulfated HS) present in specialized extracellular matrix structures (fractones) and vascular basement membranes bind the neurogenic factor FGF-2 (fibroblast growth factor-2) next to stem cells in the anterior SVZ of the lateral ventricle, the most neurogenic zone in adulthood.

In the present series of studies, we first evaluated the dose-dependent effect of nepicastat (5, 50, or 100 mg/kg) on novelty-induced locomotor activity and found

that it blunted exploration only at the highest dose. Next, we assessed the ability of nepicastat (50 mg/kg) to reduce breakpoint responding for cocaine on Pevonedistat a progressive ratio schedule and reinstatement induced by drug-associated cues and stress. We found that nepicastat significantly lowered the breakpoint for cocaine, but not for regular chow or sucrose, and attenuated cue-, footshock-, and yohimbine-induced reinstatement. Combined, these results indicate that nepicastat can reduce the reinforcing properties of cocaine under a stringent schedule and can attenuate relapse-like behavior produced by cocaine, formerly cocaine-paired cues, and physiological and pharmacological stressors. Thus, nepicastat is one of those rare compounds that can reduce reinforced cocaine seeking as well as all three reinstatement modalities, while sparing exploratory behavior and natural reward seeking, making it a promising pharmacotherapy for cocaine

addiction. Neuropsychopharmacology (2013) 38, 1032-1038; doi:10.1038/npp.2012.267; published Selleck JIB04 online 23 January 2013″
“Arthropod-borne flavivirus infection causes serious morbidity and mortality worldwide, but there are currently no effective antiflaviviral chemotherapeutics available for human use. Therefore, it is critical

that new therapeutics against virus-specific targets be developed. To identify new compounds that may be used as broadly active flavivirus therapeutics, we have performed a high-throughput screening of 235,456 commercially available compounds for small-molecule inhibitors of the dengue virus NS5 RNA capping enzyme. We identified a family of compounds, the 2-thioxothiazolidin-4-ones, that show potent biochemical inhibition of capping enzyme GTP binding and guanylyltransferase function. During the course of structure-activity relationship analysis, a molecule within this family, (E)-3-[5-(4-tert-butylbenzylidene)-4-oxo-2-thioxo-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]propanoic acid (BG-323), was however found to possess significant antiviral activity in a dengue virus subgenomic replicon assay. Further testing of BG-323 demonstrated that this molecule is able to reduce the replication of infectious West Nile virus and yellow fever virus in cell culture with low toxicity. The results of this study describe the first inhibitor that targets the GTP-binding/guanylyltransferase activity of the flavivirus RNA capping enzyme.”
“Inhibition of the endocannabinoid catabolic enzymes, monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) or fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) attenuates naloxone-precipitated opioid withdrawal signs in mice via activation of CB1 receptors.