The study also extends the Ku-0059436 price knowledge on the long-term effect of DSD on mortality. The occurrence of DSD should be seen and considered by clinicians as an important prognostic factor. Future investigations are required

to evaluate the inclusion of DSD in prognostic models for health care planning and to test intervention protocols to improve functional outcomes in patients with DSD. “
“Guidelines for dietary protein intake have traditionally advised similar intake for all adults, regardless of age or sex: 0.8 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight each day (g/kg BW/d).1, 2 and 3 The one-size-fits-all protein recommendation does not consider age-related changes in metabolism, immunity, hormone levels, or progressing frailty.4 Indeed, new evidence shows that higher dietary protein ingestion is beneficial to support good health, promote recovery from illness, and maintain functionality in older adults (defined as age >65 years).5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 The need for more dietary protein is in part because of a declining anabolic response GSK-3 inhibitor to protein intake in older people; more protein is also needed to offset inflammatory and catabolic conditions associated with chronic and acute diseases that occur commonly

with aging.5 In addition, older adults often consume less protein than do young adults.11, 12 and 13 A shortfall of protein supplies relative to needs can lead to loss of lean body mass, particularly muscle loss.14 As a result, older people are at considerably

higher risk for conditions such MG-132 supplier as sarcopenia and osteoporosis than are young people.15, 16 and 17 In turn, sarcopenia and osteoporosis can take a high personal toll on older people: falls and fractures, disabilities, loss of independence, and death.4, 16, 17 and 18 These conditions also increase financial costs to the health care system because of the extra care that is needed.19 With the goal of developing updated evidence-based recommendations for optimal protein intake by older people, the European Union Geriatric Medicine Society (EUGMS), in cooperation with other scientific organizations, appointed an International Study Group led by Jürgen Bauer and Yves Boirie, and including 11 other members, to review dietary protein needs with aging (PROT-AGE Study Group). Expert participants from around the world were selected to represent a wide range of clinical and research specialties: geriatric medicine, internal medicine, endocrinology, nutrition, exercise physiology, gastroenterology, and renal medicine. This PROT-AGE Study Group reviewed evidence in the following 5 areas: 1. Protein needs for older people in good health; The PROT-AGE Study Group first met in July 2012, followed by numerous e-mail contacts.