We present the item reduction and validation
of the Positive Mental Health (PMH) instrument in a community-based adult sample in Singapore.
Methods: Surveys were conducted among adult (21-65 years) residents belonging to Chinese, Malay and Indian ethnicities. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (EFA, CFA) were conducted and items were reduced using item response theory tests (IRT). The final version of the PMH instrument was tested for JNJ-26481585 solubility dmso internal consistency and criterion validity. Items were tested for differential item functioning (DIF) to check if items functioned in the same way across all subgroups. Results: EFA and CFA identified six first-order factor structure (General coping, Personal growth and autonomy, Spirituality, Interpersonal skills, Emotional support, and Global affect) under one higher-order dimension of Positive Mental Health (RMSEA = 0.05, CFI = 0.96, TLI = 0.96). A 47-item self-administered multidimensional instrument with a six-point Likert response scale was constructed. The slope estimates and strength of the relation to the theta for all items in each six PMH subscales were high (range: 1.39 to 5.69), suggesting good discrimination properties.
DAPT nmr The threshold estimates for the instrument ranged from -3.45 to 1.61 indicating that the instrument covers entire spectrums for the six dimensions.
The instrument demonstrated high internal consistency and had significant and expected correlations with other well-being measures. Results confirmed absence of DIF.
Conclusions: The PMH instrument is a reliable and valid instrument that can be used to measure and compare level of mental health across different age, gender and ethnic groups in Singapore.”
“The formation dynamics of fibrillar morphology in dilute immiscible polypropylene (PP)/polystyrene blends under simple shear flow is investigated using optical-shear technique. Two strategies in generating fibrillar droplets under shear flow, namely temperature quench and shear jump, are studied. It is found that the shear-induced G418 cell line deformation of PP droplets is closely related to the total shear strain and changes of rheological properties of components during the temperature quench or shear-jump process. The shape evolution of fibrillar droplets under shear flow displays large deviation to the prediction of affine deformation theory based on Newtonian fluids and that of three deformation models, which consider the viscoelastic properties of components. The possible effect of droplet coalescence, breakup, and interfacial slip on the deviation between the experimental data and the prediction values for droplet deformation are discussed. (c) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.