Bioinformatics analyses revealed several potential targets of stress resistance including genes that are related to immune processes, tryptophan metabolism, and circadian/diurnal rhythms.”
“The mechanisms underlying fluoride-induced apoptosis in neurons still remain unknown. To investigate apoptosis, caspase-3 activity, and mRNA expression of Fas, Fas-L, and caspases (-3 and -8) induced by fluoride, human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells were incubated with

0, 20, 40, and 80 mg/L sodium fluoride (NaF) for 24 h in vitro. The data show that cell viability in the 40 and Ilomastat 80 mg/L fluoride groups were significantly lower than that of the control group. The percentages of apoptosis in the 40 and 80 mg/L fluoride groups were markedly higher than those in the control group, and they increased with the increase in fluoride concentration. The activity of caspase-3 and

mRNA expression levels for Fas, Fas-L, and caspases (-3 and -8) in the 40 and 80 mg/L fluoride groups were significantly higher than those in the control group. An agonistic anti-Fas monoclonal antibody (CH-11) significantly augmented apoptosis induction by fluoride, showing a synergistic effect, while a Fas-blocking antibody (ZB4) partly inhibited fluoride-induced apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells. The results indicate that fluoride exposure could induce apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells, and the Fas/Fas-L signaling pathway may play an important role in the process. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol MS-275 datasheet 26: 86-92, 2011.”
“Neonatal seizures are the most common manifestation of neurological dysfunction in the neonate. The prognosis of neonatal seizures is highly variable, Linsitinib and the controversy remains whether the severity, duration, or frequency of seizures may contribute to brain damage independently of its etiology. Animal data indicates

that seizures during development are associated with a high probability of long-term adverse effects such as learning and memory impairment, behavioral changes and even epilepsy, which is strongly age dependent, as well as the severity, duration, and frequency of seizures. In preliminary studies, we demonstrated that adolescent male rats exposed to one-single neonatal status epilepticus (SE) episode showed social behavior impairment, and we proposed the model as relevant for studies of developmental disorders. Based on these facts, the goal of this study was to verify the existence of a persistent deficit and if the anxiety-related behavior could be associated with that impairment. To do so, male Wistar rats at 9 days postnatal were submitted to a single episode of SE by pilocarpine injection (380 mg/kg, i.p.) and control animals received saline (0.9%, 0.1 mL/10 g).