, 2003). Immobile fractions of SEP-GluR1AA were well correlated with its enrichment in spines (r = 0.87, p < 0.00003, n = 15 spines; Figure 6C), but not with spine size (r = 0.29, p = 0.29, n = 15

spines; Figure 6D). Unlike SEP-GluR1, the enrichment values at neighboring spines were not positively correlated (0.03 ± 0.03, p = 0.41, n = 62 dendrites), and were significantly different from the correlation value displayed by neighboring spines in animals with whiskers intact expressing SEP-GluR1 (p < 0.04 with Bonferroni correction, n = 95 dendrites; Figures 6E and S2D). These data suggest that removing trafficking modulation signals on GluR1 effectively eliminates the dendritic clustering of synaptic potentiation displayed by SEP-GluR1. Finally, we examined Vemurafenib mw if clustering of GluR1 synaptic delivery could be observed in older animals (Figures S5A–S5C). In this group of animals, electroporation was conducted Alpelisib cell line in utero, and the induction (injection with 4-OHT) was initiated at P34 or P35. Two days later, brain slices were prepared and neurons

were imaged (Figure S5A). Spine enrichment values were significantly higher (1.27 ± 0.01, n = 996 spines) than those seen in younger animals (0.84 ± 0.005, n = 2701 spines, p < 10−148; Figure S5B), due to a large reduction in SEP-GluR1 on dendritic membrane

(data not shown). Correlation of enrichment values between neighboring spines was significantly different from zero (0.16 ± 0.04, p < 0.002, n = 24 dendrites; Figure S5C). Of 24 dendritic segments, 10 (42%) displayed significant near-neighbor correlations, which reached a value of 0.27 ± 0.04. These observations indicate that experience-driven tuclazepam clustering of synaptic potentiation also occurs in older animals. In this study, we have examined the spatial distribution of plasticity on neuronal dendrites produced as a result of sensory experience. We used temporally restricted expression of SEP-tagged glutamate receptors to identify individual synapses that had recently undergone plasticity in vivo. The spine enrichment correlated well with the immobile fraction as well as the electrophysiological property of tagged receptor, indicating that spine enrichment corresponds to synaptically incorporated receptors. Experience increased the synaptic enrichment of SEP-GluR1, whereas deprivation increased the synaptic enrichment of SEP-GluR2, supporting their use as indicators of plasticity. The trafficking of SEP-GluR1, which forms homomeric receptors, mirrored that of heteromeric SEP-GluR1/GluR2 receptors. Similarly, the trafficking of SEP-GluR2 paralleled that of heteromeric SEP-GluR3/GluR2.