“
“PRA1 domain family, member 2 (PRAF2) is a novel 19-kDa protein with a prenylated Rab acceptor 1 (PRAI) motif and four transmembrane domains. Our previous studies revealed EPZ015666 that PRAF2 is highly expressed in the brain and serves as a candidate prognostic marker in neuroblastoma (NB). PRAF2 is related to proteins PRAF1 (PRA1, prenylin, Yip3) and PRAF3 (GTRAP3-18, JWA, Ar16-IP5), both of which are enriched in the brain and implicated in cellular transport and endo/exocytic vesicle trafficking. However, the function
for PRAF2 remains unknown. In this study, we analyzed the distribution and localization of PRAF2 in the mature human brain using two new antibodies specific for the protein. Analysis by immunohistochemistry revealed that in the human cerebellum, the PRAF2 protein was strongly expressed in Purkinje cells and, more moderately, in cells of the molecular and the granular layers.
In the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and lateral ventricles, PRAF2 protein was detected in neuronal cells, but not in non-neuronal cells. Intriguingly, immunoblot analysis revealed that PRAF2 is enriched in synaptic vesicles (SVs) prepared from rat brains. The expression of PRAF2 in specific regions of the brain including SVs suggest an important physiological function for this novel protein, see more possibly by participating in multiple aspects of SV maturation, transport, and signal transmission. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Purpose: We determined whether intravesical. instillation of antifibrinolytic agents could improve the antitumor effect Torin 1 ic50 of bacillus Calmette-Guerin. We also investigated the impact of these antifibrinolytic agents
on the dose of bacillus Calmette-Guerin required for a therapeutic effect.
Materials and Methods: In this randomized, prospective, double-blind, controlled pilot study 257 patients with superficial bladder cancer were randomized into groups A through E. They received 100 to 120 mg intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin plus 100 mg para-aminomethylbenzoic acid, 50 to 60 mg bacillus Calmette-Guerin plus 100 mg para-aminomethylbenzoic acid, 100 to 120 mg bacillus Calmette-Guerin plus 2.0 gm epsilon aminocaproic acid, 50 to 60 mg bacillus Calmette-Guerin plus 2.0 gm epsilon aminocaproic acid and 100 to 120 mg bacillus Calmette-Guerin alone, respectively. Prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time of each patient were determined at 2 hours after instillation, and adverse events were evaluated. Tumor recurrence was assessed every 3 months postoperatively by cystoscopy. Median followup was 26.0, 25.0, 24.5, 25.0 and 25.5 months, respectively.