We have therefore examined the effects of short-term ethanol exposure on the mRNA expression and protein levels of neurotrophin ligands and receptors in the cerebellum using real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting techniques. Male BALB/C mice were fed a liquid diet containing 5% (v/v) ethanol. The pair-fed control mice were fed an identical liquid diet except

that sucrose was substituted isocalorically for https://www.selleckchem.com/products/4-hydroxytamoxifen-4-ht-afimoxifene.html ethanol. The cerebellum of mice exhibiting intoxication signs of stage I or 2 were used in the present study. We found that exposure to ethanol resulted in elevated levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and TrkA mRNA expression but a decreased level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA expression. The expression of TrkB and p73 mRNA was unchanged. Changes in the level of these proteins were found to mirror these mRNA expression levels. We conclude that exposure to ethanol for a short period

can cause a differential responsive in the various neurotrophin ligand/receptor systems. The functional consequences of these changes are unknown at present. (C) 2010 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Meningoencephalitis caused by Bovine herpesvirus type 5 (BoHV-5) is responsible for heavy economic losses in the cattle industry. As in other Alphaherpesviruses, the envelope glycoprotein IV (gD), which mediates penetration into host cells, is one of the major candidate antigens for a recombinant vaccine, since it induces a strong and persistent immune response. GDC-0973 cost The DNA coding for a truncated form of BoHV-5 gD (tgD) has been cloned into the Pichia pastoris expression vector pPICZ alpha B to allow protein secretion into the medium. After induction with methanol, a similar to 55 kDa protein was obtained. Enzyme deglycosylation with

Endo H showed a smaller size band in SDS-PGAE, with similar to 50 kDa, suggesting that science tgD has N-linked oligosaccharides and that it is not hyperglycosylated. The similar to 55 kDa protein was recognized by several polyclonal antibodies, including polyclonal antibody anti-tgD and polyclonal antibodies of different animal species immunized with BoHV-5 and BoHV-1. This is the first report of BoHV-5 gD expression in yeast. It was shown that the recombinant truncated form of BoHV-5 gD has antigenic and immunogenic properties similar to the native BoHV-5 gD. Expression of tgD as a secreted protein allows simple and inexpensive purification methods that can be used for further studies to evaluate its immunogenicity in cattle. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Glutamate and dopamine disturbances are implicated in frontal cortical dysfunction in schizophrenia. Little, however, is known about the nature of dopamine D-1 and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor interactions in the illness, nor of the extent of their co-involvement in antipsychotic drug response.