2). Other dilutions were carried out in sterilized water and ranged from 10−2 to 10−6, depending on the degree of bacterial growth. The number of viable bacteria in each tube was determined in triplicate. They were plated on BHI agar using 50 μL volumes in triplicate. The number of colonies on agar was counted on a light board after incubation at 37 °C for 24 h. The antimicrobial effects of the tested compounds with different concentrations were compared with the appropriate PARP inhibitors clinical trials controls by anova.

Similar comparisons were also made among different compounds within each concentration tested. The bactericidal rate is calculated as follows: Inhibition of the three Gram-positive bacteria S. aureus, B. subtilis and B. cereus by the three chelators

is illustrated in Fig. 3. As shown in Fig. 3a, CP251 completely inhibited the growth of S. aureus at 500 μg mL−1, indicating that CP251 can be bactericidal against S. aureus at this concentration, while at the same concentration, DTPA decreased the growth of S. aureus from 3.2 × 104 to 8.5 × 102 CFU mL−1, yielding a bactericidal rate of 97.3%. CP252 decreased the growth of S. aureus to 8.75 × 103 CFU mL−1, indicating a bactericidal rate of 72.7%. DTPA exhibited marked inhibition against B. subtilis isolated from mussel, decreasing the growth of B. subtilis from 4.5 × 107 to 2.2 × 106 CFU mL−1 at 1000 μg mL−1 (the bactericidal rate was 95.1%) and to selleck chemical 1.4 × 103 CFU mL−1 at 1500 μg mL−1 (the bactericidal rate was almost 100.0%). The inhibitory effects of CP251 and CP252 were found to be much

weaker at 1500 μg mL−1. However, at a concentration of 3000 μg mL−1, CP251 click here and CP252 both showed a marked inhibitory effect on the growth of the bacterium, decreasing the growth of B. subtilis from 4.5 × 107 to 8.1 × 103 and 4.2 × 104 CFU mL−1, respectively. The bactericidal rate of both compounds at this concentration was close to 100.0% (Fig. 3b). However, all three chelators were found to have only a weak inhibitory influence against B. cereus. CP251, DTPA and CP252, respectively, decreased the growth of B. cereus from 7.45 × 107 to 1.35 × 107, 1.64 × 107 and 1.89 × 107 CFU mL−1 at 2000 μg mL−1, the corresponding bactericidal rates being 81.9%, 78.0% and 74.6% (Fig. 3c). Inhibition of the chelators against three Gram-negative bacteria P. aeruginosa, V. parahaemolyticus and E. coli is illustrated in Fig. 4. CP251 completely inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa at a concentration of 100 μg mL−1, indicating that CP251 is bactericidal against P. aeruginosa, while DTPA decreased the growth of P. aeruginosa from 2.75 × 104 to 3.8 × 103 CFU mL−1 at 100 μg mL−1, indicating a bactericidal rate of 86.2%. CP252 decreased the growth of P. aeruginosa from 2.75 × 104 to 8.45 × 103 CFU mL−1 at 100 μg mL−1, generating a bactericidal rate of 69.3% (Fig. 4a). Compared with S. aureus, the chelators inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa more effectively. CP251 strongly inhibited the growth of V.